Hydrocarbon-vapor lajvep



A. M. MACE.

Vapor Burner.

'No. 14,727. Patented April 22, 1856.

Gil-ii??? 'UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALONZO M. MACE, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

HYDROCARBON-VAPOR LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 14,727, dated April 22, 1856.

the same is fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, of which Figure l, is a side elevation of the said lamp. Fig. 2, a vertical and central section of it. Fig. 3, a top view of it.

In these drawings, A exhibits a common portable lamp body constructed of glass or other suitable material and having a wick tube B, afiixed in its screw cap 0, and extending down into the fluid reservoir, a, above the cap C thereof, as seen in the drawings. That part of the said tubewhich rises above the cap has a male screw 7) out upon it, the same being screwed into the socket tube 0 of a burner 1) arranged as seen in Figs. I and 2. Just above the cap C, the Wick tube is surrounded by a cup or spout E, and between the socket tube and the burner, the socket tube is formed wit-h a bell shaped chamber or retort F, the bottom of which has a concave form or is arched up- Ward as seen in 2. The said bottom is perforated with one or more jet holes or urner's e 6 whose respective axes should be arranged in such manner as to cause to be discharged against the outer surface of the wick tube or the socket tube any gas or vapor issuing therefrom.

Directly over and surrounding the bell shaped chamber or retort F as seen in Fig. 2 there is a bell shaped cap or heat retainer G which in order' that it may not obstruct the light passing down from the burner, may be constructed of glass or other suitable transparent medium. It may be made, however, of any other proper material. It is formed so as to slip over the burnen and rest upon the top of the bell shaped chamber F, it being prevented from turning thereon by a small stud f, which projects from the burner, and enters a recess 9 formed in the neck of the cap G, as seen in Fig. 3. When the wick tube is supplied with wicking, as seen at h, the latter should be trimmed off even or about so with the top of the former.

The reservoir being supplied with a liquid hydro-carbon, such as camphene, benzole, or burning fluid composition, a small portion of alcohol may be poured into the cup or spout E and set fire to. The flame thereof, surrounding the wick tube will soon heat it so as to vaporize the liquid taken up by the wick the vapor rising up and being discharged out of the primary burner D on which it may be inflamed, it will also be discharged out of thesecondary burners or jet holes 6, e, and if the current or currents issuing therefrom, be inflamed, the flame thereof will be directed upon the socket tube surrounding the wick tube or :upon the wick tube so as to heat the same, and facilitate the generation of combustible vapor. The heat which escapes downward from the secondary burners or jets will pass up between the retort F and its cap or heat re- ,tainer G, and by said heat-retainer will be maintained about the retort so as to heat its .outside surface in order that the temperature of the Vapor within the retort, may be elevated, the production of vapor from the wick being facilitated thereby.

By applying the hand to the periphery of the bell cap G, and turning said cap horizontally, the burner and its socket tube as well as the retort F, may be revolved, and as the socket turns on a screw it will be evident that the retort and the burner may be either elevated or depressed in accordance with the direction in which they may be revolved. In this way, the points or places of impingement of the flame of the secondary burner on the vertical tube may be raised or lowered, relatively to the top of the wick so as to increase ordiminish or regulate the production of gas or vapor, and of course the height of flame of the primary burner.

By the peculiar arrangement of the bottom of the retort F, its jet holes 6, e, and the socket tube, or upper part of the wick tube, the inflamed jets of vapor issuing from the holes 6, c, are not only made to impinge against the socket tube, but their unabsorbed heat will be directed upward against the concave bottom of the retort, and thus the inflamed jets by being thrown downward are employed not only to heat the wick tube, but the very surface from which they issue, and this in consequence of the arrangement of such surface. After their currents of heat have passed in contact with the concave surface or bottom of the retort, they flow upward around its outer edge and between the sides of the retort and the bell shaped heat retainer G,

which by covering or encompassing the reso as toburn the fin ers of a person, were they suffered to remain a short time in contact with it, yet as it requires but momentary applications of them to it, for the purpose of turning or rotating the cap, and the socket tube of the wick, there is little or no danger of their being burned.

I am aware that it is not new to provide a wick tube with a retort and to heat such by a separate burner or a separate Wick tube;

- and I am aware that it is not new to provide the wick tube with a bulb or retort, to extend the wick into it so as to fill it, and to have jets or holes made in the tube or bottom of the retort or bulb so that the flame thereof would only impinge against the bottom of the retort, the same'being' described in a patent granted August 27th, 1850, to Clayton & Bailey. I do not claim any such devices, but only my improvements, that is to say:

' I claim- 1. The particular arrangement of the bottom of the retort and the et holes 6, 6, with respect to the wick tube, whereby the inflamed jets of vapor issuing from the jet holes 6, e, are driven downward against the wick tube and their currents of heat made to ascend against the concave bottom of the retort as specified, the same serving to greatly facilltate the eneration of vapor as well as the heating 0 the same.

2. I also claim combining with the retort the bell shaped cap or heat retainer G, made of transparent or other proper material, the

same being arranged'substantially in man i -ner and for the'purpose as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature, this 27th day of October, A. D. 1855.

Witnesses:

A. S. PEASE, C. A. WINCHESTER.

A. M. MACE." 

